1. Beijing International Studies University, National School of Development, Peking University, No 1 Southern Ding Zhuang Road, Chao Yang District of Beijing, China
2. School of Hotel and Restaurant Administration, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA, and School of Business, Sun Yat-Sen University, China
3. Department of Tourism, Leisure, Hotel and Sport Management, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Queensland 4111, Australia