Clinical and Angiographic Profile of Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography at the Tertiary Hospital—A 19-Year Retrospective Observational Study

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of death globally.  Studies have shown association of CAD and its risk factors; however, data on association of  these risk factors and severity of CAD as seen in angiography in our local setting are still limited.  OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to determine the clinical and angiographic profile  of patients who underwent coronary angiography, to correlate cardiovascular risk factors to  their angiographic findings, and to compare the trend of risk factors and angiography findings  between decades.  METHODS: This is a retrospective observational study of patients aged 18 years or older,  of either sex, who underwent coronary angiography at a tertiary hospital from 2001 to 2019.  Pertinent risk factors were correlated with angiography findings to determine predictors for  significant CAD.  RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 58.6 years. There were more males (66%) than  females. The risk factors for the likelihood of significant CAD are older age (4.98% more for every  year increase in age), male sex (2.63 times), and diabetes mellitus (47.64%). The majority of the  patients had right dominant circulation, and significant lesions were more commonly seen in the  left anterior descending artery. There were statistically significant more patients with hypertension,  diabetes, and obesity in the present decade compared with the past.  CONCLUSION: Increased age, male sex, and diabetes are associated with significant CAD in  the local setting. Diabetes must be aggressively controlled early to prevent the development of  significant CAD.  KEYWORDS: coronary artery disease, risk factors, profile, coronary angiography