Reconfigurations of cortical manifold structure during reward-based motor learning

Author:

Nick Qasem12,Gale Daniel J.1ORCID,Areshenkoff Corson12ORCID,De Brouwer Anouk1ORCID,Nashed Joseph1ORCID,Wammes Jeffrey12ORCID,Zhu Tianyao1ORCID,Flanagan Randy12,Smallwood Jonny12ORCID,Gallivan Jason123ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s University

2. Department of Psychology, Queen’s University

3. Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University

Abstract

Adaptive motor behavior depends on the coordinated activity of multiple neural systems distributed across the brain. While the role of sensorimotor cortex in motor learning has been well-established, how higher-order brain systems interact with sensorimotor cortex to guide learning is less well understood. Using functional MRI, we examined human brain activity during a reward-based motor task where subjects learned to shape their hand trajectories through reinforcement feedback. We projected patterns of cortical and striatal functional connectivity onto a low-dimensional manifold space and examined how regions expanded and contracted along the manifold during learning. During early learning, we found that several sensorimotor areas in the Dorsal Attention Network exhibited increased covariance with areas of the salience/ventral attention network and reduced covariance with areas of the default mode network (DMN). During late learning, these effects reversed, with sensorimotor areas now exhibiting increased covariance with DMN areas. However, areas in posteromedial cortex showed the opposite pattern across learning phases, with its connectivity suggesting a role in coordinating activity across different networks over time. Our results establish the neural changes that support reward-based motor learning and identify distinct transitions in the functional coupling of sensorimotor to transmodal cortex when adapting behavior.

Publisher

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd

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