Fast burst fraction transients convey information independent of the firing rate

Author:

Naud Richard1234ORCID,Wang Xingyun134ORCID,Friedenberger Zachary234,Payeur Alexandre5ORCID,Shin Jiyun N.3ORCID,Béïque Jean-Claude134ORCID,Richards Blake A.567ORCID,Drüke Moritz89,Larkum Matthew E.89ORCID,Doron Guy910ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa

2. Department of Physics, University of Ottawa

3. Center for Neural Dynamics, University of Ottawa

4. Brain and Mind Institute, University of Ottawa

5. MILA

6. Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery

7. School of Computer Science, McGill University

8. Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

9. NeuroCure Cluster, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin

10. Bayer AG

Abstract

Theories of attention and learning have hypothesized a central role for high-frequency bursting in cognitive functions, but experimental reports of burst-mediated representations in vivo have been limited. Here we used a novel demultiplexing approach by considering a conjunctive burst code. We studied this code in vivo while animals learned to report direct electrical stimulation of the somatosensory cortex and found two acquired yet independent representations. One code, the event rate, showed a sparse and succint stiumulus representation and a small modulation upon detection errors. The other code, the burst fraction, correlated more globally with stimulation and more promptly responded to detection errors. Bursting modulation was potent and its time course evolved, even in cells that were considered unresponsive based on the firing rate. During the later stages of training, this modulation in bursting happened earlier, gradually aligning temporally with the representation in event rate. The alignment of bursting and event rate modulation sharpened the firing rate response, and was strongly associated behavioral accuracy. Thus a fine-grained separation of spike timing patterns reveals two signals that accompany stimulus representations: an error signal that can be essential to guide learning and a sharpening signal that could implement attention mechanisms.

Publisher

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd

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