Testicular hormones mediate robust sex differences in impulsive choice in rats

Author:

Hernandez Caesar M12ORCID,Orsini Caitlin2ORCID,Wheeler Alexa-Rae1,Ten Eyck Tyler W1,Betzhold Sara M2,Labiste Chase C1,Wright Noelle G1,Setlow Barry2ORCID,Bizon Jennifer L1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States

2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States

Abstract

Impairments in choosing optimally between immediate and delayed rewards are associated with numerous psychiatric disorders. Such ‘intertemporal’ choice is influenced by genetic and experiential factors; however, the contributions of biological sex are understudied and data to date are largely inconclusive. Rats were used to determine how sex and gonadal hormones influence choices between small, immediate and large, delayed rewards. Females showed markedly greater preference than males for small, immediate over large, delayed rewards (greater impulsive choice). This difference was neither due to differences in food motivation or reward magnitude perception, nor was it affected by estrous cycle. Ovariectomies did not affect choice in females, whereas orchiectomies increased impulsive choice in males. These data show that male rats exhibit less impulsive choice than females and that this difference is at least partly maintained by testicular hormones. These differences in impulsive choice could be linked to gender differences across multiple neuropsychiatric conditions.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

McKnight Brain Research Foundation

McKnight Foundation

Pat Tillman Foundation

Thomas H. Maren Foundation

Publisher

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine,General Neuroscience

Reference91 articles.

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