A compositional neural code in high-level visual cortex can explain jumbled word reading

Author:

Agrawal Aakash1ORCID,Hari KVS2ORCID,Arun SP3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Centre for BioSystems Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India

2. Department of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India

3. Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India

Abstract

We read jubmled wrods effortlessly, but the neural correlates of this remarkable ability remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that viewing a jumbled word activates a visual representation that is compared to known words. To test this hypothesis, we devised a purely visual model in which neurons tuned to letter shape respond to longer strings in a compositional manner by linearly summing letter responses. We found that dissimilarities between letter strings in this model can explain human performance on visual search, and responses to jumbled words in word reading tasks. Brain imaging revealed that viewing a string activates this letter-based code in the lateral occipital (LO) region and that subsequent comparisons to stored words are consistent with activations of the visual word form area (VWFA). Thus, a compositional neural code potentially contributes to efficient reading.

Funder

Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance

Indian Institute of Science

Publisher

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine,General Neuroscience

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