Evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Evolutionary genomics of epidemic visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent

Published:2016-03-22 Issue: Volume:5 Page:
ISSN:2050-084X
Container-title:eLife
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Imamura Hideo¹,Downing Tim²³^ORCID,Van den Broeck Frederik¹^ORCID,Sanders Mandy J²,Rijal Suman⁴,Sundar Shyam⁵,Mannaert An¹,Vanaerschot Manu¹,Berg Maya¹,De Muylder Géraldine¹,Dumetz Franck¹,Cuypers Bart¹,Maes Ilse¹,Domagalska Malgorzata¹,Decuypere Saskia¹⁶,Rai Keshav⁴^ORCID,Uranw Surendra⁴,Bhattarai Narayan Raj⁴,Khanal Basudha⁴,Prajapati Vijay Kumar⁵,Sharma Smriti⁵,Stark Olivia⁷,Schönian Gabriele⁷,De Koning Harry P⁸^ORCID,Settimo Luca⁸⁹,Vanhollebeke Benoit¹⁰^ORCID,Roy Syamal¹¹,Ostyn Bart¹²,Boelaert Marleen¹²^ORCID,Maes Louis¹³,Berriman Matthew²^ORCID,Dujardin Jean-Claude¹¹³,Cotton James A²^ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

2. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom

3. School of Maths, Applied Maths and Statistics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland

4. BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal

5. Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India

6. Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

7. Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

8. Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom

9. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, United States

10. Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium

11. Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India

12. Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

13. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium

Abstract

Leishmania donovani causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the second most deadly vector-borne parasitic disease. A recent epidemic in the Indian subcontinent (ISC) caused up to 80% of global VL and over 30,000 deaths per year. Resistance against antimonial drugs has probably been a contributing factor in the persistence of this epidemic. Here we use whole genome sequences from 204 clinical isolates to track the evolution and epidemiology of L. donovani from the ISC. We identify independent radiations that have emerged since a bottleneck coincident with 1960s DDT spraying campaigns. A genetically distinct population frequently resistant to antimonials has a two base-pair insertion in the aquaglyceroporin gene LdAQP1 that prevents the transport of trivalent antimonials. We find evidence of genetic exchange between ISC populations, and show that the mutation in LdAQP1 has spread by recombination. Our results reveal the complexity of L. donovani evolution in the ISC in response to drug treatment.

Funder

European Commission

Belgian Science Policy Office

Flemish Fund for Scientific Research

Department of Economy, Science and Innovation in Flanders

Wellcome Trust

Belgian Development Cooperation

INBEV-Baillet Latour Foundation

JC Bose National Fellowship, DST, Government of India

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

Publisher

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd