Affiliation:
1. National Key Lab of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University
2. Divisions of Plant Science and Technology and Biochemistry, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri
Abstract
It is well-studied that type-III effectors are essential required by gram-negative bacteria to directly target different cellular pathways from hosts, thus enhancing their infection. However, in the unique context of legume-rhizobium symbiosis, the role of rhizobial effectors in regulating plant symbiotic pathways remains a subject of hypothesized understanding. Here, we show that NopT, a YopT-type cysteine protease from
Sinorhizobium fredii
NGR234 that could directly target symbiotic signaling pathway by associating with two Nod Factor Receptors (NFR1 and NFR5) from
Lotus japonicus
. NopT is the only effector out of 15 effectors from
S. fredii
NGR234 that inhibits cell death triggered by co-overexpression of NFR1 and NFR5 in
Nicotiana benthamiana
. NopT interacts with both NFR1 and NFR5. NopT proteolytically cleaves NFR5 in both
in vitro
and
in vivo
assays, but is later inactivated
via
phosphorylation by NFR1. NopT plays an essential role in mediating rhizobial infection in
L. japonicus
. The truncated NopT, lacking 50 N–terminal amino acids post-autocleavage, retains the ability to cleave NFR5 but no longer interacts with NFR1. Intriguingly, certain
Sinorhizobium
species exclusivley harbor this truncated NopT in their genomes. These findings unveil an intricate regulatory interplay between rhizobia and legumes, wherein rhizobial NopT actively cleaves NFR5, and this cleavage process is subsequently suppressed following NopT phosphorylation by NFR1. This discovery presents a compelling narrative of a nuanced regulatory interplay between rhizobia and legumes, highlighting rhizobial effector as a direct mediator targeting symbiotic pathway from plants.
Publisher
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
Cited by
1 articles.
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