An ABA-GA bistable switch can account for natural variation in the variability of Arabidopsis seed germination time

Author:

Abley Katie1ORCID,Formosa-Jordan Pau1ORCID,Tavares Hugo1ORCID,Chan Emily YT1,Afsharinafar Mana1,Leyser Ottoline1ORCID,Locke James CW1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Abstract

Genetically identical plants growing in the same conditions can display heterogeneous phenotypes. Here we use Arabidopsis seed germination time as a model system to examine phenotypic variability and its underlying mechanisms. We show extensive variation in seed germination time variability between Arabidopsis accessions and use a multiparent recombinant inbred population to identify two genetic loci involved in this trait. Both loci include genes implicated in modulating abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity. Mutually antagonistic regulation between ABA, which represses germination, and gibberellic acid (GA), which promotes germination, underlies the decision to germinate and can act as a bistable switch. A simple stochastic model of the ABA-GA network shows that modulating ABA sensitivity can generate the range of germination time distributions we observe experimentally. We validate the model by testing its predictions on the effects of exogenous hormone addition. Our work provides a foundation for understanding the mechanism and functional role of phenotypic variability in germination time.

Funder

Gatsby Charitable Foundation

Publisher

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine,General Neuroscience

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