Cell-type diversity and regionalized gene expression in the planarian intestine

Author:

Forsthoefel David J12ORCID,Cejda Nicholas I1ORCID,Khan Umair W2ORCID,Newmark Phillip A2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Genes and Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, United States

2. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States

Abstract

Proper function and repair of the digestive system are vital to most animals. Deciphering the mechanisms involved in these processes requires an atlas of gene expression and cell types. Here, we applied laser-capture microdissection (LCM) and RNA-seq to characterize the intestinal transcriptome of Schmidtea mediterranea, a planarian flatworm that can regenerate all organs, including the gut. We identified hundreds of genes with intestinal expression undetected by previous approaches. Systematic analyses revealed extensive conservation of digestive physiology and cell types with other animals, including humans. Furthermore, spatial LCM enabled us to uncover previously unappreciated regionalization of gene expression in the planarian intestine along the medio-lateral axis, especially among intestinal goblet cells. Finally, we identified two intestine-enriched transcription factors that specifically regulate regeneration (hedgehog signaling effector gli-1) or maintenance (RREB2) of goblet cells. Altogether, this work provides resources for further investigation of mechanisms involved in gastrointestinal function, repair and regeneration.

Funder

Oklahoma Center for Adult Stem Cell Research

National Institute of General Medical Sciences

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

Howard Hughes Medical Institute

Publisher

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine,General Neuroscience

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