An N-terminal motif in NLR immune receptors is functionally conserved across distantly related plant species

Author:

Adachi Hiroaki1ORCID,Contreras Mauricio P1ORCID,Harant Adeline1,Wu Chih-hang1,Derevnina Lida1,Sakai Toshiyuki1,Duggan Cian2ORCID,Moratto Eleonora2,Bozkurt Tolga O2ORCID,Maqbool Abbas1,Win Joe1ORCID,Kamoun Sophien1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom

2. Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Abstract

The molecular codes underpinning the functions of plant NLR immune receptors are poorly understood. We used in vitro Mu transposition to generate a random truncation library and identify the minimal functional region of NLRs. We applied this method to NRC4—a helper NLR that functions with multiple sensor NLRs within a Solanaceae receptor network. This revealed that the NRC4 N-terminal 29 amino acids are sufficient to induce hypersensitive cell death. This region is defined by the consensus MADAxVSFxVxKLxxLLxxEx (MADA motif) that is conserved at the N-termini of NRC family proteins and ~20% of coiled-coil (CC)-type plant NLRs. The MADA motif matches the N-terminal α1 helix of Arabidopsis NLR protein ZAR1, which undergoes a conformational switch during resistosome activation. Immunoassays revealed that the MADA motif is functionally conserved across NLRs from distantly related plant species. NRC-dependent sensor NLRs lack MADA sequences indicating that this motif has degenerated in sensor NLRs over evolutionary time.

Funder

Gatsby Charitable Foundation

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council

European Research Council

Publisher

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine,General Neuroscience

Reference58 articles.

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2. A resistosome-activated 'death switch';Adachi;Nature Plants,2019

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4. RPW8/HR repeats control NLR activation in Arabidopsis thaliana;Barragan;PLOS Genetics,2019

5. Analysis of the ZAR1 immune complex reveals determinants for immunity and molecular interactions;Baudin;Plant Physiology,2017

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