Direct modulation of aberrant brain network connectivity through real-time NeuroFeedback

Author:

Ramot Michal1ORCID,Kimmich Sara1,Gonzalez-Castillo Javier1,Roopchansingh Vinai2,Popal Haroon1,White Emily1,Gotts Stephen J1,Martin Alex1

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States

2. Functional MRI Facility, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States

Abstract

The existence of abnormal connectivity patterns between resting state networks in neuropsychiatric disorders, including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), has been well established. Traditional treatment methods in ASD are limited, and do not address the aberrant network structure. Using real-time fMRI neurofeedback, we directly trained three brain nodes in participants with ASD, in which the aberrant connectivity has been shown to correlate with symptom severity. Desired network connectivity patterns were reinforced in real-time, without participants’ awareness of the training taking place. This training regimen produced large, significant long-term changes in correlations at the network level, and whole brain analysis revealed that the greatest changes were focused on the areas being trained. These changes were not found in the control group. Moreover, changes in ASD resting state connectivity following the training were correlated to changes in behavior, suggesting that neurofeedback can be used to directly alter complex, clinically relevant network connectivity patterns.

Funder

National Institute of Mental Health

Publisher

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine,General Neuroscience

Reference61 articles.

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