The Human Cell Atlas

Author:

Regev Aviv123ORCID,Teichmann Sarah A456,Lander Eric S127,Amit Ido8,Benoist Christophe9,Birney Ewan5,Bodenmiller Bernd510,Campbell Peter411,Carninci Piero612ORCID,Clatworthy Menna13,Clevers Hans14,Deplancke Bart15ORCID,Dunham Ian5,Eberwine James16,Eils Roland1718,Enard Wolfgang19ORCID,Farmer Andrew20,Fugger Lars21,Göttgens Berthold1122ORCID,Hacohen Nir123,Haniffa Muzlifah24ORCID,Hemberg Martin4,Kim Seung25,Klenerman Paul2627,Kriegstein Arnold28,Lein Ed29ORCID,Linnarsson Sten30,Lundberg Emma3132,Lundeberg Joakim33,Majumder Partha34,Marioni John C4535,Merad Miriam36,Mhlanga Musa37,Nawijn Martijn38,Netea Mihai39,Nolan Garry40,Pe'er Dana41,Phillipakis Anthony1,Ponting Chris P42ORCID,Quake Stephen4344,Reik Wolf44546,Rozenblatt-Rosen Orit1,Sanes Joshua47ORCID,Satija Rahul4849ORCID,Schumacher Ton N50,Shalek Alex15152,Shapiro Ehud53,Sharma Padmanee54,Shin Jay W12,Stegle Oliver5,Stratton Michael4,Stubbington Michael J T4,Theis Fabian J5556,Uhlen Matthias5758,van Oudenaarden Alexander59,Wagner Allon60,Watt Fiona61ORCID,Weissman Jonathan3626364ORCID,Wold Barbara65,Xavier Ramnik1666768,Yosef Nir5260ORCID,

Affiliation:

1. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States

2. Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States

3. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, United States

4. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom

5. EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom

6. Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

7. Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States

8. Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

9. Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States

10. Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

11. Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

12. Division of Genomic Technologies, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Yokohama, Japan

13. Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

14. Hubrecht Institute, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

15. Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland

16. Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States

17. Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics (B080), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany

18. Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB) and BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany

19. Department of Biology II, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Martinsried, Germany

20. Takara Bio United States, Inc., Mountain View, United States

21. Oxford Centre for Neuroinflammation, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, and MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

22. Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

23. Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, United States

24. Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

25. Departments of Developmental Biology and of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States

26. Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research and the Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

27. Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom

28. Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States

29. Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, United States

30. Laboratory for Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

31. Science for Life Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

32. Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, United States

33. Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

34. National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India

35. Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

36. Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States

37. Division of Chemical, Systems & Synthetic Biology, Institute for Infectious Disease & Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

38. Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

39. Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

40. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States

41. Computational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, United States

42. MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

43. Department of Applied Physics and Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, United States

44. Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, United States

45. Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom

46. Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

47. Center for Brain Science and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States

48. Department of Biology, New York University, New York, United States

49. New York Genome Center, New York University, New York, United States

50. Division of Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

51. Institute for Medical Engineering & Science (IMES) and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States

52. Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, United States

53. Department of Computer Science and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

54. Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Department of Immunology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, United States

55. Institute of Computational Biology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany

56. Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany

57. Science for Life Laboratory and Department of Proteomics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

58. Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Danish Technical University, Lyngby, Denmark

59. Hubrecht Institute and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

60. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and the Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States

61. Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom

62. Department of Cellular & Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States

63. California Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States

64. Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States

65. Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States

66. Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States

67. Gastrointestinal Unit and Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States

68. Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States

Abstract

The recent advent of methods for high-throughput single-cell molecular profiling has catalyzed a growing sense in the scientific community that the time is ripe to complete the 150-year-old effort to identify all cell types in the human body. The Human Cell Atlas Project is an international collaborative effort that aims to define all human cell types in terms of distinctive molecular profiles (such as gene expression profiles) and to connect this information with classical cellular descriptions (such as location and morphology). An open comprehensive reference map of the molecular state of cells in healthy human tissues would propel the systematic study of physiological states, developmental trajectories, regulatory circuitry and interactions of cells, and also provide a framework for understanding cellular dysregulation in human disease. Here we describe the idea, its potential utility, early proofs-of-concept, and some design considerations for the Human Cell Atlas, including a commitment to open data, code, and community.

Publisher

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine,General Neuroscience

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