1. Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
2. Human Settlements Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
3. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
4. Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, Center for Spatial Analysis, University of Oklahoma, Norman, CO, USA
5. School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia