1. School of Cyber Security and Information Law, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
2. Colloge of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
3. Intelligent Policing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Police College, Sichuan, China
4. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Santa Clara University, 500 El Camino Real, Santa Clara, California, USA