1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Integrated Administration Technologies for Information Security, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
2. Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Fukuoka, Japan
3. Department of Computing and Mathematics, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, U.K
4. Department of Computer Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
5. Department of Computer Science, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia