1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
2. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China (e-mail: tschenxiang@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn)
3. College of Metropolitan Transportation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
4. SAMR Detective Product Administration Centre, Beijing 100101, China.