1. Engineering Research Center of Network Management Technology for High-Speed Railway of Ministry of Education, School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
2. State Grid Beijing Electric Power Company, Beijing, China
3. School of Computing and Communications and Data Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, U.K.
4. Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
5. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong