1. Department of Midwifery, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
3. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Firat University, Elâziğ, Turkey
4. School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, U.K