1. Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Parit Raja, Johor, Malaysia
2. School of Computing, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
3. Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
4. School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, U.K