In vitro Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Antibacterial Activities of Orthosiphon diffusus

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial properties of the leaves of the plant Orthosiphon diffusus, which were investigated in vitro. Leaves of the plant were dried and converted into powdered form. The presence of phytochemicals in the leaves of Orthosiphon diffusus were analysed for solvents like water, ethanol, acetone and petroleum ether. The antioxidant activity of the leaves of Orthosiphon diffusus was identified using assays for scavenging the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate, ferric reducing antioxidants, nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide radicals. The antidiabetic property was estimated with alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase assays. Leaf extract was tested against three bacterial species namely Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by well diffusion method. Maximum number of phytochemicals were present in water extract which was then used for further studies. Highest scavenging activity was found to be 76%, 89%, 88% and 81% at 50µg/ml for all the antioxidant assays. Highest inhibition of 90.26% and 90.5% was observed at 50µg/ml for alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase assays respectively. Highest zone of inhibition of 1.4cm was observed in S.aureus at 100µg/ml concentration. Leaves of Orthosiphon diffusus has excellent antioxidant and antidiabetic properties and it was really effective against bacteria.