An Overview on Global and Indian Scenario of Hypertension with Clinical agents for their Potential Pharmacological Mechanism

Abstract

Recent studies shown that the data of clinical, experimental and epidemiological studies indicates that dietary phytoestrogens, flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds have shown most potent activities for prevention in CVDs. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the broad term used to define chronic medical condition and abnormal functioning of the heart and/or its associated blood vessels in the circulatory system. It is a leading cause of deaths including mortality and morbidity in developed as well as developing countries including India and their prevention is a major public health challenge globally. These class having the most active class in estrogenic effects, polyphenols (also known as polyhydroxyphenols includes tannic acid, ellagitannin. In view of the frequent use of available clinical antihypertensive drugs, the clinicians are faced so many problems with the potential side effects as well as adverse effects of these drugs. The most common side effects of different classes of antihypertensive drugs are: diuretics cause hypokalemia, which can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and acute myocardial infarction, β-blockers can also induce bronchoconstriction, peripheral vasoconstriction, glycogenolysis, inhibition of insulin secretion and sometimes induce severe bradycardia. Based on the intriguing results of various studies, prophylactic and therapeutic potential of cardiovascular friendly natural products have been suggested.