A Review on Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Therapy for the treatment of Obesity with Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract

One of the biggest issues facing the globe today is obesity. It primarily correlates with heart disease. Obesity can raise the risk of cardiovascular illness or muscle-related problems. Numerous fat tissues secrete bio-active cytokines, and these mediators affectglucose resistance, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart attacks in addition to body weight homeostasis. Currently, there are three treatment options for obesity: pharmacological therapy, bariatric surgery, and lifestyle modification or non-pharmacotherapy (such as physical therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and healthy food planning). The market with the quickest rate of growth is pharmacotherapy. phentermine plus topiramate, Belviq, semaglutide, and naltrexone plus bupropion are among the medications used in pharmacological therapy. The Federal Drug Administration of the United States has authorized the first two drugs based on clinical studies that showed improvements in lipid profile, glucose resistance, and overweight. In this review, we will address the effectiveness of previous pharmacotherapy for obesity, with an emphasis on new therapeutic agents that enhance patient safety.