Heartwood Extract of Neolamarckia Cadamba Ameliorates Oxidative Stress Linked Type II Diabetes in Wistar Albino Rats

Abstract

The Neolamarcia cadamba plant has traditionally been claimed for the treatment of a variety of metabolic disorders, including diabetes. Many scientific studies have also proved its effectiveness against various diseases due to the presence of several chemical constituents viz. Quinovic Acid, Cadamabine, Cadambagenic Acid, Cadamine, Beta-Sitosterol, Chlorogenic Acid, etc. Therefore, in this study the effect of 50% ethanolic extract (NCEE) from the heartwood of the plant was evaluated for its potential antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects in Streptozotocin (STZ) and high fat diet (HFD) induced diabetic rats. Preliminary phytochemical screening of NCEE revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, steroids and alkaloids. NCEE (200 and 400mg/kg body weight) was administered orally to diabetic rats, once daily for 3 weeks. Blood glucose levels, various biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzyme levels and histopathological investigation were performed in the diabetic control group and the extract treated groups. Plant extracts have a dose-dependent antidiabetic effect by normalizing the levels of antioxidant enzyme biomarkers and hematological abnormalities and ameliorating histopathological changes compared to the diabetic control group. The observations confirmed that the 50% ethanolic extract of heartwood of Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser exhibits anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic effect along with mitigation of oxidative stress.