Comparison of Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) Extract and Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Ness.) Extract on Blood Profile of Animal Model Infected with Salmonella

Abstract

Salmonella Pullorum is the cause of Pullorum disease. The misuse of antimicrobials has resulted in the evolution of resistant strains. Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) and Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Ness.) contain compounds that are efficacious as antibacterial and immunomodulatory. This study aims to analyze the comparison of meniran extract and sambiloto extract on the blood profile of broiler chickens infected with Salmonella Pullorum. This study was conducted by making Meniran and Sambiloto extracts. Phytochemicals screening (alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, andrographolide, steroids and triterpenoids) of extracts, isolation and identification of Salmonella Pullorum and in vivo study were then conducted. The in vivo study was experimental research with completely randomized design that divided broiler chickens into treatment groups: P0- (chickens were not infected), P0+ (chickens were infected with Salmonella Pullorum), PAB (chickens were infected with Salmonella Pullorum and given Enrofloxacin Antibiotics) then treatment P1 Meniran, P2 Meniran, P3 Meniran (chickens were infected with Salmonella Pullorum and, in order, given meniran extract of 5%, 10% and 20% concentrations) and P1 Sambiloto, P2 Sambiloto, P3 Sambiloto (chickens were infected with Salmonella Pullorum and, in order, given sambiloto extract of 5%, 10% and 20% concentrations). Data in the form of blood profile was then analyzed statistically by ANOVA test and continued with Duncan's test. This study shows that Meniran and Sambiloto extract has immunomodulator properties that have good impact in restoring blood profile of broiler chickens infected with Salmonella Pullorum. The comparison shows that Meniran extract has better antibacterial activity on blood profile of broiler chickens infected with Salmonella Pullorum compared to Sambiloto extract.