Preliminary Screening for Cytotoxicity and Antiplasmodial activity of Fish Protein Hydrolysates on Erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum 3D7

Abstract

The development of resistance to multiple antibiotics by Plasmodium falciparum calls for the exploration of antibiotics from newer sources. Bioactive protein fragment obtained by controlled hydrolysis of the marine sources is being explored as potential antimalarial molecules. In vitro inhibitory activity of fish protein hydrolysates were determined against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 cultures. Fish protein hydrolysates prepared from fish species [Pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus), Clam and White snapper (Macolor niger)] were used as a source to prepare six types of hydrolysates and were screened for the antiplasmodial activity using SYBR Green fluorescence Inhibition Assay. To determine the cytotoxic potential of hydrolysate samples MMT assay was performed on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. In the present investigation of six proteins hydrolysates samples, clam meat hydrolysate (Cm), fresh pangasius meat hydrolysate (Pm) and cook-wash processed pangasius meat hydrolysate (Pc) had more than 50% inhibition with EC50 values of 2.30, 4.87 and 5.98µg/ml respectively indicating high lethality at a lower concentration for Cm proteins. Except Pc sample, all hydrolysate had anti-proliferative effect across the concentration against MCF-7. Fish hydrolysates explored are highly active against Plasmodium in the preliminary investigation; present a candidature protein as promising source of antimalarial agents.