Curry Fish Extract's Antimalarial Potency in N-hexane and Ethyl Acetate Solvents using In vitro approach

Abstract

The increase in malaria morbidity and mortality due to artemisinin derivative resistance was a global problem. Marine biota, curry fish or Sticophus hermanni was known to have bioactive components that are antibacterial and antifungal. The purpose of the study was to observe phytochemical tests and antimalarial activity of golden sea cucumber, curry fish using two types of solvents with different polarities using In vtro studies. The study was a true experimental study withIn vtro protocols, which included: (P1), control negative; (P2) P. falciparum medium with n-hexane extract of curry fish; (P3) P.falciparum medium with ethyl acetate extract of curry fish. The parameters were as follows: phytochemical assay, growth %, inhibitory rate, and IC50. The phytochemical analysis found various bioactive components in the ethyl acetate extract, including flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, and tannins, whereas the n-hexane extract includes fewer active components, including flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, and tannins. The extract's antimalarial action is demonstrated by a decrease in parasite growth, a rise in the inhibitory rate with increasing extract dose, and IC50 less than 5 µg/ml when administered with ethyl acetate and n-hexane. Both solvents in curry fish extract displayed high antimalarial activity; however, n-hexane had a lower IC50 than ethyl acetate.