Advanced up and down methodology for acute toxicity assessment with reliable LD50 verified by aqueous extract of curly kale using wistar rats

Abstract

Curly kale is reported to contain powerful antioxidants like quercetin and kaempferol, and glucosinolates which is used to treat different diseases. Despite its favorable usage, there have been no investigations on its toxicity potential. According to OECD TG No.425, the study was aimed to investigate the acute toxic outcome of an aqueous extract of curly kale. Female wistar albino rats were randomly split into 2 groups (no=5). 1st group was used as the control group, while the 2nd group was used as the treated group and administered 2000mg/kg body weightof curly kale orally. Following that 2 groups were monitored for fourteen days. Then the blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture, and handover to haematological and biochemical analyses. The animal vital organs were stored for histopathological examination. The data disclose that the extract’s LD50 was more than 2000mg/Kg b.w. Body weight and organ to body mass ratio did not change significantly. Against the control group. But alkaline phosphates, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (ALT), Total protein, globulin, blood urea, cholesterol, and triglycerides, all increased dramatically, while total blood count, packed cell volume (PVC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), corpuscular volume haemoglobin (MCH), and red blood cells (RBC) count all decreased significantly. Although the LD50 was larger than 2000 mg/kg body weight, mild toxicity indications developed in the liver, spleen, lipid profile, and complete blood count (CBC) also revealed blood dyscrasias at the maximum dose, according to the findings obtained in this investigation.