Understanding the Global Transmission and Demographic Distribution of Nipah Virus (NiV)

Author:

Ahmed Mahedi Md. Rezwan1,Rawat Anurag2,Rabbi Fazle3,Babu K. Suresh4,Tasayco Elias SALVADOR5,Ore Areche Franklin6,Pacovilca-Alejo Olga Vicentina7,Corilla Flores Denis Dante7,Vivanco Aguilar Salomón7,L. Orosco Fredmoore8,Syrmos Nikolaos9,Mudhafar Mustafa10,Afrin Sadia1,Rahman Mst. Mahfuza11

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pharmacy, Comilla University.

2. Associate Professor, Cardiology Himalayan Institute of Medical Science Jolly Grant Dehradun 248140 Uttaranchal India.

3. Australian Computer Society.

4. Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune.

5. Universidad Nacional "San Luis Gonzaga" – Peru.

6. National University of Huancavelica, Huancavelica – Peru. 7Industrial Technology Development Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City, Philippines.

7. National University of Huancavelica, Huancavelica – Peru.

8. Industrial Technology Development Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Taguig City, Philippines.

9. Human Performance and Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thesaaloniki, Macedonia, Greece.

10. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Ahl Al Bayt, 56001, Karbala, Iraq.

11. Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy, Comilla University, Bangladesh.

Abstract

Nipah virus (NIV) infection was identified in 1998, in Malaysia. The virus belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family. In the past, the virus was spread in Bangladesh, India, as well as Singapore. It affects our nervous system and the respiratory system, which is highly dangerous for our lives. It is caused by an RNA virus and has a high mortality rate. This virus can be transmitted from bats to humans, pigs to humans, or humans to humans. It is conceptualized that fruit bats like Pteropus vampyrus and Pteropus hypomelanus are responsible for transmitting the virus. From 1999 to 2022, there is no approved vaccine and medicines for the treatment of nipah virus infection. The fatality rate of this nipah virus is 75% to 95%. Moreover, NiV B (Bangladesh) is more deathly than NiV M (Malaysia). In present, some vaccines are under trial on pigs, horses and the monkey. In this review we try to focus on the barrier of vaccine and medicine development for this nipah virus.

Publisher

A and V Publications

Subject

Pharmacology (medical),Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)

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