Traumatic Brain Injury: Role in Induction and Progression of Neurodegenerative Disorders

Abstract

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects a huge proportion of population worldwide. TBI is the most common epigenetic health risk for neurological illness later in life. Different post-injury mechanisms may contribute to neurodegeneration. Thus, it is associated with a greater risk of neurodegenerative diseases for instance Parkinson’s disease (PD), depression, epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Objective: The present study encapsulates the neurodegenerative effects trigged by TBI. Therefore, understanding of such triggers may be helpful in prediction, early diagnosis or the management of neurodegenerative diseases in patients who had TBI. Further, understanding of TBI-induced neuronal damage may provide better knowledge for drug development, disease management, and check of induction and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Conclusion: Several approaches show a strong correlation between TBI secondary injury and various neurodegenerative diseases involving oxidative stress and numerous neuroinflammationdiseases. It appears that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in both TBI and neurodegeneration by causing neuroinflammation and glutamatergicexcitotoxicity.