A Study on Assessment of Risk Factors, Prescribing Patterns, and Role of Statins in Coronary Artery Disease patients

Abstract

The American College of Cardiology (ACC) released guidelines for managing cholesterol in 2018, and procedures for primary and secondary prevention treatment options followed. According to the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS), a specific population experienced a considerable decline in cardiovascular events. The statistics estimate that statins could add a year to the life expectancy of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients. Objective: The study's primary goals are to identify prescribing trends, the function of statins, and patient responses to questions concerning risk factors and lifestyle choices. Methods: In the cardiology department of a tertiary care hospital, a prospective observational study was carried out for six months. The number of patients enrolled was one hundred fifty. The hospital preceptor carefully checked, vetted and confirmed the data obtained before entering it into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for further study. Results: Of the total collected cases, men made up 73.3%, and women comprised 26.6%. The most prescribed statin is Atorvastatin (78.6%). The primary risk factor in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is Hypertension (80%), followed by Hyperlipidemia (66.6%) and Diabetes Mellitus (40%), past Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) history (13.3%), thyroid disorders (3.33%). Conclusion: The regularly prescribed statin is Atorvastatin (93%) because of its increased renal safety and cost-effectiveness compared to other statins. Therefore, attention should be paid to following the prescribing patterns of statins. Hypertension is the leading comorbid condition causing Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), followed by Hyperlipidemia, Diabetes Mellitus, patients with a history of CoronaryArtery Disease (CAD), and thyroid disorders (hypothyroidism).