Development of Emulgel product from Standardized Dengen Steam Bark Extract (Dillenia serrata)

Abstract

One of the endemic plants of the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia is the Dengen plant (Dillenia serrata). One part of this plant that is claimed by the public as a treatment for vomiting blood is the bark because the stem bark contains polyphenolic compounds which are efficacious as antioxidants and sunscreens. Based on the results of the study, Dengen stem bark extract (EKBD) has been standardized and in accordance the requirements so that the extract can be formulated in pharmaceutical dosage forms, one of which is a cosmetic preparation in the form of an emulgel. This study aims to see the effect of the addition of EKBD on the physical quality of emulgel preparations and to obtain a stable emulgel product containing standardized EKBD with an accelerated storage process using variations of the gelling agent, namely carbopol 940 and CMC sodium. There are two base variations, namely the Carbopol base with a concentration of 0.25%, 0.5%, 1% with the addition of 1:1 TEA; and CMC sodium base with concentrations of 1%, 2% and 3%. Furthermore, the base and extract are combined until homogeneous. Tests include organoleptic test, pH test, viscosity test, spread ability test, adhesion test and emulsion type test. In organoleptic testing, F1 of both bases showed inhomogeneity and watery texture. In the pH test, both bases F3 did not meet the skin pH requirements. In the viscosity test, F1 on both bases was significantly different before and after storage (p<0.05). In the spread ability test, statistically, all formulas F1, F2 and F3 on both bases showed a value of p>0.05, which means there was no significant difference in the spreadability values before storage and after accelerated storage. In the adhesion test, F3 on the Carbopol base showed a significant difference (p<0.05). In the emulsion type test, both basic formulas had a oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion type. Based on the results of data analysis, the addition of EKBD affected the pH and viscosity of the EKBD emulgel and the formula that met the requirements was formula F2 based on CMC sodium, is a concentration of 2%.