Pharmacognostic and Preliminary Phytochemical Evaluation of root of Coptis teeta Wall.

Abstract

Coptis teeta Wall. (Family: Ranunculaceae) is a a small perennial herb also known as golden thread herb, Mamira and Mishmi. It is used in the treatment of ailments in traditional Systems of Medicine i.e., Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Chinese system of medicine. The aim of the studies was Morphoanatomical, powder analysis, and preliminary Phytochemical evaluation of the root of Coptis teeta Wall. Anatomical, powder microscopical studies and Physicochemical evaluation were carried out according to the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Powder analysis histochemical test and preliminary phytochemical screening were carried out as per standard protocol. Microscopic studies of the root of Coptis teeta Showing Bark consists of periderm, secondary cortex, phloem or bast cells; Periderm consists of phellem, phellogen , phelloderm; Secondary cortex shows outer and inner cortex, Secondary phloem cells; Xylem cells consists of xylem vessels and tracheid and . pith (pi) at the middle of the root. Physicochemical studies showed total ash (3.69%), acid-insoluble ash (0.782%), alcohol-soluble extractive values (17.963 %), and water-soluble extractive values (32.344 %). Preliminary phytochemical screening reveals the presence of carbohydrates, protein, glycosides, phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids. Pharmacognostic characters and a physicochemical parameter can be used as standards for the authentication of plants and detection of adulteration.