Histochemical Analysis of Plant Raw Materials of Anabasis salsa Growing in the Territory of The Central Kazakhstan

Abstract

This article presents results of histochemical analysis of aerial and underground organs of Anabasis salsa (C. A. Mey.) Benth. ex Volkens growing in the Central Kazakhstan. The localization of active substances in medicinal raw materials was determined using histochemical reactions.Presence of essential oil, alkaloids, sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides in plant organs (shoots, inflorescences and roots) was established. This species is used in traditional medicine as a diuretic, antispasmodic, analgesic, and is also used to treat skin diseases. Purpose of the study: carrying out a histochemical analysis of Anabasis salsa growing in the Central Kazakhstan. Materials and methods: The object of the study is cross sections of shoots and root and surface preparation of Anabasis salsa fruits. Samples of raw materials were fixed in Strauss-Fleming solution, cross sections and surface preparation were prepared manually, after which histochemical reactions were carried out to identify the following biologically active substances: essential oil, flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides and sesquiterpene lactones. Identification of qualitative coloring was carried out by optical microscopy using histochemical tests according to the methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Results: The localization of biologically active substances in the studied type of raw material was determined using histochemical methods with light microscopy. The presence of pharmacologically active classes of compounds has been established. Conclusion: For the first time, the localization of secondary metabolites in the plant raw material of Anabasis salsa was studied using histochemical tests. The results of experimental studies can be used to confirm the authenticity, identification and standardization of the aboveground and underground parts of this species.