The Relationship between Omentin Gene (ITLN1) Variant rs190234680 and Serum Omentin levels in patients with Diabetic Foot

Abstract

Diabetic foot is a common and serious complication of diabetes, characterized by neuropathy, ischemia, and infections which can lead to amputation of the affected limb. Omentin is a protein that is predominantly expressed in adipose tissue and has been implicated in insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Low plasma omentin levels have been associated with several metabolic disorders, including T2DM. Objectives: Study objective were to assess the pattern of omentin-1 [ITLN1] single nucleotide gene polymorphism in diabetic foot patients compared to uncomplicated T2DM. It also sought to compare the serum omentin-1 levels between diabetic foot patients and those with uncomplicated Type 2 diabetes mellitus and determine the association between omentin levels and the clinical staging of diabetic foot patients. Methodology: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 130 participants of DF and T2DM were enrolled. Omentin (ITLN1) gene polymorphism(rs190234680) was determined by sequencing and serum omentin levels were estimated by ELISA. Result: A significant association was observed between the GG genotype (wild type) of the omentin (ITLN1) gene and diabetic foot, while no significant difference was found in serum omentin levels between cases and controls. The analysis did not provide clear evidence of a significant relationship between omentin levels in different grades of diabetic foot Conclusion:The study suggested that the GG genotype of omentin 1 gene may be an important risk factor in development of diabetic foot in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, there was no significant difference in serum omentin levels between different stages of diabetic foot.