Combination Vs. Multi-target drugs: The Clash of the titans in the arena of drug discovery; An overview and in silico evaluation

Abstract

Over the last few decades, either the single-pill therapy or the combinations of pill therapy were at the cutting edge in drug design and development processes, which not only proved to have treated innumerable complications but also have proved its drastic need in the past and even in the present watch. This review has a briefing on the comparison of the different aspects of prescriptions as polypharmacy, combination therapy along with multi targets drugs. As the time passed, the need for an alternative to overcome the several possible ill-effects like drug-drug interaction, non-adherence, fixed-dose medications for all patients, etc., also have paved the way to showcase the in-efficiency in treating the complex nexus cascade that has raised a thought amongst for a newer brand new perspective to take a turn and transmute the concept of drug design. From a single targeted therapy to a multi-targeted approach in this drug design pattern. It also mentions the colligation of different pharmacophores entities to obtain a better potent drug with better ADMET. An overview of how 'efficient, relevant, and important multi-target drug therapy would be over a combination of pills' further have been sketched and depicted based on past prototype examples and present scenarios. The feasibility of the concept was investigated by an in silico approach where a colligated molecule of tranexamic acid and Meloxicam was analysed for its binding affinity towards the parent receptors. The newly designed, the colligated molecule was found to be more active than the parent drugs to multiple targets. The evaluation of the concept leads to a new horizon of MTD, which can be adopted through several approaches, including the colligation of the already existing drugs.