Synthesis of Mono-Carbonyl Analogues of Curcumin Assisted by Microwave Irradiation

Abstract

Mono-carbonyl compounds of curcumin, especially those containing hydroxy groups at the para position in the aromatic ring flanked by an electron withdrawing group (EWG) like chlorine, are known to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity. This study aims to synthesize mono-carbonyl compounds of curcumin with assisted microwave synthesis and determine its toxicity. The acute toxicity assay carried out on zebrafish larvae. The results showed that the synthesis of mono-carbonyl compounds of curcumin with assisted microwave synthesis gave clean products, faster reaction rates, more product yields, economical, and environmentally friendly. The optimal synthesis results obtained at 160Watt microwave radiation energy for 10 minutes. The acute toxicity assay of HGV-6, PGV-6, and GVT-6 compounds showed low toxicity to zebrafish larvae.