Formulation of Moringa Extract Chewable Gummy Tablet with Na-Alginate and Pectin as Carriers

Abstract

Introduction: Chewable gummy tablets are generally formulated with gelling agents such as pectin, gelatin, Na-alginate, and sugar. The selection of the appropriate carrier has a significant effect on the rheological properties of the product. Objective: To analyze the effect of different concentrations of Na-alginate and pectin on the physical characteristics of the preparation. Methods: In this research, 6 formulas were developed, namely Formula 1, 2, and 3 (with Na-alginate concentration of 6%, 7%, and 8%, respectively), Formula 4, 5, and 6 (with pectin concentration of 6%, 8, and 10%, respectively) and the active ingredient of ethanolic extract of moringa leaf (Moringa oleifera L.) extract. The evaluation of the preparation consisted of organoleptic test, pH, swelling ratio, dissolving time, weight variation, tablet dimension, and texture analysis (gumminess and chewiness). Results: The organoleptic test of the preparation showed that the preparation has square shape, green color, melon scent, sweet taste, and chewy texture. The pH value ranges from 5.06 ± 0.02 to 5.12 ± 0.04. The swelling ratio for Na-alginate carrier is between 20.00 ± 1.00% to 21.67 ± 0.58% while for pectin carrier ranges from 1.88 ± 0.24% to 2.08 ± 0.33%. The dissolving time ranges from 19.11 ± 0.19 minutes to 25.08 ± 0.02 minutes. The weight variation has an acceptance value between 3.96 ± 1.15 to 9.53 ± 1.16. Dimensions of Length, Width, and Thickness range from 1.50 cm x 1.50 cm x 1 cm. Texture analysis (Gumminess and Chewiness) on Na-alginate carrier is between 103.82 to 146.37 (Nxmm) and 46.24 to 146.37 (Nxmm), while on pectin carrier is between 90.4 to 1081.27 (Nxmm) and 36.16 to 3243.82 (N x mm). Conclusion: Swelling ratio, dissolving time, gumminess, and chewiness increase related to the concentration of Na-alginate and pectin. Na-alginate has a potential as a carrier for chewable gummy tablets at a concentration of 6%-7%. Meanwhile, pectin has a potential as a carrier with a concentration of 6%-10% in the development of chewable gummy tablets.