Early Adiposity Rebond in Moroccan Children: Prevalence and Determinants

Abstract

Background: Childhood obesity is a real public health problem Q, Its incidence is rapidly increasing in developing countries. According to the literature review, early rebound fat is associated with obesity and non-communicable diseases, our objective is therefore to determine the risk factors for early rebound fat in a population of Moroccan children. Material and methods: This retrospective epidemiological study lasted 12 months in 2018. The study involved 200 mother-child couples seen for consultation in an urban health centre at Salé city. Data were collected from a survey on the living conditions of the first 1000 days of life of the children studied and completed by anthropometric measurements, as well as information from mothers and children health books. Results: The average age of the children is 42.3±18.9 months with a sex ratio towards females (46% male versus 54% female). In terms of the internal reliability of the survey, the value of the calculated Cronbach index is acceptable (α = 0.7). We have established that mothers who have practiced artificial breastfeeding or gave birth by cesarean and nursing mothers who took oral contraceptives are of a higher-risk of having a child with an early adiposity rebond compared to other categories, with an odds-ration respectively [Odds-Ratio = 4; IC 95% [2,15-7,45]; P-value = 0,000]; [Odds-Ratio =4. 7; 95% CI [2.46-9.08]; P-value=0.000] and ERA [Odds-Ratio =2.3; 95% CI [1.46-4.34]; P-value=0.000]. Conclusion: Early rebound of adiposity is apredictor of obesity with a whole range of possible cardiovascular and metabolic complications.