Pharmacokinetic properties of Fluoroquinolones in Comparative Aspect of their effect on Pathogenic microflora

Abstract

Quinolones and their derivatives of the second to fourth generation (fluoroquinolones) are highly active antimicrobial agents. This research examines pharmacokinetic properties of fluoroquinolones in comparative aspect of their effect on pathogenic. Microflora of conjunctival cavity in children diagnosed with conjunctivitis and dacryocystitis. The study was carried out in 2020 in Ophthalmologic Polyclinics No. 1 (Moscow, the Russian Federation). The group comprised 200 children aged six years who were diagnosed with bacterial conjunctivitis and dacryocystitis. The composition of pathogenic microflora species and the effect of moxifloxacin and other fluoroquinolones on the sensitivity and resistance of microorganisms were analyzed using conjunctival scrapings. The presence of eight species of pathogenic microorganisms in the scrapings has been established. The majority of bacteria detected were gram-positive: St. epidermidis (59%) and St. aureus (21%), p ≤ 0.05. Other types of microorganisms, including gram-negative E. coli, K. pneumonia, and St. saprophycus, were discovered 20 times (p≤0.001 relative to St. epidermidis), 18 times (p ≤ 0.001), and 15 times (p ≤ 0.01) less frequently, accordingly. The levels of bacterial resistance were 13% for moxifloxacin, 16% for levofloxacin, and 21% for ciprofloxacin. Moxifloxacin monotherapy showed a 100% result. After five days of treatment, all patients demonstrated minimal values (0.5 and 0.1 points vs. 3.8 and 4.4 points at the beginning of treatment, p ≤ 0.01) for two parameters (conjunctival hyperemia and sticky eye), the other three parameters were zero. Fourth-generation fluoroquinolone (moxifloxacin) has been shown to be highly effective against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.