Identification and Quantification of six natural compounds from Picrorhiza kurroa leaf extract and their Antibacterial and Antioxidant activity

Abstract

Picrorhiza kurroa (kutki) is a hairy herb belonging to Plantaginaceae/ Scropulariacea family and found in some parts of India (Kashmir to Sikkim), Nepal, and China.They found application in various ailments such as inflammation, antioxidant activity, asthmatic activity, hepatic activity, etc. The compound constituents using HPLC retrieved the presence of eighteen compounds. HPTLC analysis confirmed and quantified the presence of six major compounds. The quantity of diosgenin was found to be (2.80%) maximum followed by chlorogenic acid (2.70% w/w of extract) in the DCM/Methanol leaf extract. Antibacterial activity was performed using the zone of inhibition method for eight different leaf extracts of Picrorhiza kurroa. Among the extracts, ethyl acetate extract showed good potency in terms of zone of inhibition (13.33±1.52) against S. aureus whereas n-butanol extract showed good potency (12.01±1.00) against S. mutans, acetone extracts showed good potency (16.66±.47) against E. coli, acetone extracts showed good potency (11.33±1.52) against K. pneumoniae and acetone extracts showed good potency (11.00±1.00) against P. aeruginosa. Methanol extract showed good antioxidant activity (41.3±3.1µg/ml) whereas n-hexane showed the least (389.5±1.3µg/ml). Chlormphenicol and Ascorbic acid were taken as standard in the antibacterial and antioxidant study. IC50 values were calculated from the known protocol.