Superimposed high-frequency jet ventilation in children with oncohematological diseases and acute respiratory distress syndrome

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The mortality rate of children with hematological cancer and acute respiratory distress syndrome is still high, which is often associated with the ineffectiveness of traditional mechanical ventilation methods in the treatment of critical hypoxemia in these patients. Currently, the search continues for alternative methods of respiratory support, one of which is the combined high-frequency jet artificial ventilation of the lungs. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined high-frequency jet artificial ventilation in the treatment of children with hematological malignancies and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in the Department of Resuscitation and Intensive Care of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, from 2016 to 2020. Combined high-frequency jet artificial ventilation was used as an alternative method of respiratory support. RESULTS: In case of severe hypoxemia caused by secondary severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, the use of combined high-frequency jet ventilation after 12 h leads to a significant improvement in arterial blood oxygenation, improves the biomechanical characteristics of the respiratory system, and reduces the likelihood of developing ventilator-associated lung damage. An increase in oxygenation and absence of an effect on the indicators of central hemodynamics provide a greater delivery of oxygen to the tissues, thereby improving the general condition of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: In severe parenchymal respiratory failure accompanied by critical hypoxemia, combined high-frequency jet artificial ventilation of the lungs can be considered an alternative method of respiratory support.