Respiratory tuberculosis associated with chronic obstructive lung disease - actual problem of modern phthisiology

Abstract

In modern conditions, the problems of tuberculosis of the respiratory system and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are highly relevant. Tuberculosis remains high among the population. During its course, the frequency of common destructive forms, the number of patients with multiple and extensive drug resistance of mycobacteria, and comorbid conditions in which pulmonary tuberculosis is combined with immunodeficiency and respiratory pathology increased. Chronic tobacco intoxication and chronic obstruction in the lungs increase the activity of tuberculosis inflammation, contribute to the development of common forms of pulmonary tuberculosis, accompanied by abundant bacterial excretion and destruction of lung tissue. In patients with comorbid pathology, pronounced clinical manifestations of the disease, deep functional disorders in the respiratory system and homeostatic balance of the organism are determined. Chronic tobacco intoxication and chronic obstruction in the bronchi have a significant impact on the processes of atherogenesis, systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and the formation of cardiovascular pathology. These phenomena contribute to insufficient treatment efficiency, the formation of pronounced residual changes in the respiratory organs, a decrease in the quality and life expectancy of patients, a high frequency of exacerbation (relapse) and pose a threat to the spread of tuberculosis. In patients with comorbid pathology, cardiovascular complications, dyslipidemia and atherogenesis appear much more often, which are predictors of early disability and premature death.