Amniotic fluid is a marker of the condition of the fetus. Is it so?

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid, childbirth is usually classified as a high-risk group, which leads to an expansion of indications for operative delivery. Also in the literature there are indications of an increase in the frequency of the birth of a child in a state of asphyxia, with premature rupture of amniotic fluid. AIM: The aim of this study is to determine the significance of the influence of meconium color of amniotic fluid and the duration of the anhydrous period on the birth of a child in a state of asphyxia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted between the two groups in 12,342 women delivered at the Perinatal Center of the Pediatric University. RESULTS: Meconium coloration of amniotic fluid was 2 times more common in the presence of hypoxia, and 5 times more common in the presence of severe fetal hypoxia during full-term pregnancy, while in premature pregnancy, the child was born in a state of asphyxia, regardless of the color of the amniotic fluid. Premature rupture of amniotic fluid occurred at the birth of a full-term baby in a state of asphyxia statistically significantly more often, although the duration of the anhydrous period did not have statistically significant differences in the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Premature rupture of amniotic fluid at the birth of a premature baby had no differences in the groups with and without asphyxia, however, the duration of the anhydrous period was statistically significantly longer in patients who gave birth to children in a state of asphyxia. With an anhydrous interval of 26 hours or more, the risk of having a child in a state of moderate and severe asphyxia increased. The risk of ascending infection of the placenta of the third stage during preterm labor increased with an anhydrous interval of more than 53 minutes, which confirms the feasibility of prescribing antibiotic therapy for premature rupture of amniotic fluid during preterm pregnancy at the time of diagnosis of this condition, regardless of the planned obstetric tactics.