Determination of the endotoxin aggression etiology as a prospect for improving the effectiveness of the treatment-and-prophylactic process

Abstract

A third of a century ago, an assumption about the ability of intestinal microflora and stress to induce systemic inflammation, contrary to the fundamental postulates of general pathology, was made. Verification of this very bold assumption for that period of time, required the creation of a new methodological basis for studying the role of intestinal endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) in human biology, which was successfully carried out by Russian scientists. The use of therapeutic agents to normalize the integral indicators of systemic endotoxinemia in the treatment regimen of a wide variety of diseases, including enterosorbents, choleretics, LPS filters, immune drugs, and other medications and procedures, has significantly increased the effectiveness of the treatment. The validity of the endotoxin theory of human physiology and pathology was also confirmed by the Nobel achievements of foreign colleagues (nomination 2008, prize 2011). They discovered the receptors of innate immunity, which made it possible to qualify LPS as an exohormone of adaptation, since TLR4 is the central receptor for regulating the activity level of the immune and other adaptive systems of the body. One of the reasons for the increase in the LPS concentration in the general bloodstream (what leads to the induction of systemic inflammation) may be the overgrowth of certain gram-negative bacteria that are part of the intestinal microbiota. Verification of these bacteria was first carried out by Ruaasian scientists and it is presented in this review. Determinating of the etiology of endotoxin aggression is a basic element in creating a new direction in nutrition and pharmaceuticals. The search for selective inhibition methods of excessive bacterial growth and the creation of medicines, food supplements and/or an individual diets based on them in the future is an important scientific task, the solution of which can significantly increase the effectiveness of treatment-and-prophylactic process and optimize material costs in the healthcare system.