Biochemical factors of hypoxia and their role in assessing the functional state of the fetus

Abstract

The constant frequent incidents of fetal hypoxia during pregnancy and childbirth remain the leading unsolved problem in modern practical obstetrics. In some cases, the onset of a pathological process can be diagnosed earlier due to the on-time monitoring of functional disorders of the fetus. However, the existing diagnostic methods do not show the compensatory and adaptive capabilities of the fetus; do not lead to an in-depth understanding of the pathophysiology of this condition and do not contribute to the implementation of evidence-based therapy. This review summarizes current knowledge about the diagnosis of functional disorders of the fetus and discusses possible ways of assessing adaptive mechanisms in response to stress during pregnancy and childbirth. The article shows the development of biochemical methods for diagnosing functional disorders of the fetus. The putative biochemical markers for assessing the compensatory capabilities of the fetus during pregnancy and childbirth are presented.