Possibilities of methods for assessing the severity of occupational stress and determining its role in the formation of individual cardiovascular risk in military personnel of the Navy

Abstract

The relevance of cardiovascular diseases among the military personnel of the Russian Navy is reflected, as well as the role of occupational stressful load in the formation of cardiovascular risk. The results of a single-stage study were demonstrated, which included 86 men aged 2340 years, in the course of the study they were divided into two groups corresponding to different professional loads. The profile of behavioral factors associated with cardiovascular risk (anthropometric indicators, adherence to smoking, amount of alcohol consumed, food preference), as well as morphological and functional indicators of the system, was studied in servicemen exposed to and not exposed to factors caused by staying in deep-sea technical means, blood circulation. The effectiveness of stress testing was assessed, which included the Reeder self-assessment scale for psychosocial stress, the hospital scale for anxiety and depression, a work stress questionnaire, and a differential assessment of the state of reduced performance. It was revealed that the profile of cardiovascular risk in servicemen of both groups is low, however, there is a significant difference in a number of indicators (the amount of adipose tissue detected by bioimpedansometry, total cholesterol level, an increase in heart rate during psycho-mental test, values of vascular age and the scale of relative cardiovascular risk The most informative technique, which made it possible to identify significant differences between the study groups, is the questionnaire of work stress Ch. Spielberg 1989, adapted by A.B. Leonova and S.B. Velichkovskaya, 2000. It has been determined that the severity of occupational stress factors on the formation of cardiovascular risk in servicemen exposed to factors caused by their stay in deep-sea technical equipment is lower than among servicemen in the control group, which is expressed in lower values of additional methods for assessing stressful impact, as well as in the absence of significant associations between the indicators characterizing the occupational stress-generating load and the indicators of the circulatory system. The importance of the formation of stress resistance is reflected, achieved by high requirements of professional selection, regular training of professional skills, as well as the creation of a favorable professional environment.