Photodynamic diagnostics of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer

Abstract

The review is devoted to the application of photodynamic diagnosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. The recent data on the mechanism of action of photosensitizers, the method of performing fluorescence cystoscopy are presented, and the results of clinical studies of the application of photodynamic diagnostics in practical medicine are presented. It has been shown that photodynamic diagnostics significantly increases the efficiency of detecting bladder cancer in comparison with standard cystoscopy. The application of this method is especially valuable in cases of carcinoma in situ and multifocal growth of urothelial tumors. Improvement in diagnostics makes it possible to increase the radicality of surgical treatment and to increase the duration of the relapse-free period.