Clinical manifestations of decreased ovarian reserve in premenopausal women: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

AIM: To estimate clinical manifestation of decreased ovarian reserve in women of reproductive age from Eastern Siberia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 1119 women aged 18 to 40 years who underwent an annual preventive medical examination at their place of work were invited to participate in a cross-sectional study performed in 20172019 in Irkutsk Region and Buryat Republic (Russia). Among the 1119 women, 907 aged 31.785.13 years were included in the study, after which clinical, instrumental, and laboratory research methods and statistical analysis were utilized. Among the 907 women included in the study, 117 (12.9%) had 5 follicles per ovary and were diagnosed with decreased ovarian reserve (DOR). The laboratory study showed that 56 of the 117 (47.8%) women had an antimullerian hormone (AMH) level below 1.2 ng/mL, the average value of which was 0.530.43 ng/mL. RESULTS: In women with reduced AMH levels, a shortening of the menstrual cycle (p=0.0187) and high parity were observed. Moreover, premature ovarian failure was diagnosed in 4 of the 117 (3.4%) patients with a reduced number of antral follicles. CONCLUSION: The frequency of women with DOR in the Eastern Siberia region based on one AFC criterion was 12.9%. Only 3.4% of women satisfied all criteria for premature ovarian failure. The average age of women with signs of DOR in this region was 35.123.87 years and did not depend on ethnicity. Moreover, 47.8% of the women with an AMH 1.2 had a follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level of 12.14 ME/mL, while 52.2% of the those with AMH 1.2 had a FSH level of 5.91 ME/mL. Patients with AMH 1.2 can be characterized by high parity in the anamnesis and shortening of the menstrual cycle.