Employees’ production risk factors for occupational diseases development of Bashkortostan Republic enterprises

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Occupational morbidity, which is directly related to working circumstances is one of the primary markers that characterize occupational health risk. Thus, it is necessary to study the working conditions and occupational diseases, which form peculiarities in enterprises of various economic sectors, followed by the development and implementation of targeted interventions aimed at creating safe working conditions and preserving employees health. AIM: to study industrial risk factors, occupational pathology main forms, and the timing of its development among employees at enterprises of various economic sectors. METHODS: We studied the acts of occupational diseases investigation, sanitary, and hygienic characteristics of working conditions, and medical records of 339 patients who were diagnosed with occupational diseases by the Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology in 20152019. RESULTS: It was discovered that the highest prevalent occupational diseases were diagnosed among workers of manufacturing industries and enterprises who engaged in mining with harmful working conditions (3.13.3) while conducting a retrospective in-depth analysis of occupational disease cases. Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue disorders predominated in the structure of the occupational disease. The largest number of patients had 3035 years of work experience in harmful working conditions. Based on this research, targeted measures have been developed to create safe working conditions and alleviate the risk of occupational diseases. CONCLUSIONS: According to the available material, a retrospective in-depth analysis of occupational disease cases revealed that workers in the manufacturing industries and enterprises engaged in mining were more at risk of developing disorders (46.1, 20.6%). It was discovered that the development of occupational diseases depended on the exposure intensity of harmful production factors and exposure time. The risk of occupational diseases is raised with increasing time of working in harmful working conditions (class 3.13.4). The greatest risk of occupational diseases was observed within work experience from 3035 years. The structure of the analyzed occupational diseases cases was dominated by ailments of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (43.4%), injuries, poisoning, and some other consequences of external causes (17.5%), and diseases of the ear, and mastoid process (15%). The analysis of cases of occupational diseases should be used as the basis to measure development aimed at reducing the risk of their emergence and preserving employees health.